2021 年第 1 期 第 16 卷

百日咳患儿住院时间的影响因素分析

Analysis of related influencing factors of hospitalization time in children with pertussis

作者：张慧敏1王彩英1米荣2郝一炜3庞琳1

英文作者：Zhang Huimin1 Wang Caiying1 Mi Rong2 Hao Yiwei3 Pang Lin1

单位：1首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院儿科新发突发传染病研究北京市重点实验室100015;2首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿科，北京100020；3首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院病案室100015

英文单位：1Department of Pediatrics Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Beijing 100015 China; 2Department of Neonatology Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China; 3Medical Records Room Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100015 China

关键词：百日咳；住院时间；双胎或多胎；感染；重症肺炎

英文关键词：Pertussis;Hospitalizationtime;Twinsormultiplebirths;Infection;Severepneumonia

• 摘要：

• 目的 分析影响百日咳患儿住院时间的相关因素。方法 收集2018年8月至2019年12月在首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院儿科住院的167例百日咳患儿的临床资料，对可能影响住院时间的相关因素进行单因素和多元线性回归分析。结果 单因素分析结果显示，胎龄＜39周、出生体质量＜3 000 g、双胎或多胎、百日咳疫苗部分接种或未接种、入院时痰百日咳鲍特菌阳性、住院期间应用过持续气道正压通气或机械通气以及合并其他呼吸道病原感染、重症肺炎、电解质紊乱、百日咳脑病均为百日咳患儿住院时间延长的影响因素（均P＜0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果表明，双胎或多胎、合并其他呼吸道病原感染、应用持续气道正压通气或机械通气、重症肺炎、百日咳疫苗未接种或部分接种、电解质紊乱、巨细胞病毒感染均为百日咳患儿住院时间延长的危险因素(偏回归系数分别为4.103、4.076、12.367、3.670、1.909、7.668、2.755)（均P<0.05）。结论 双胎或多胎、百日咳疫苗未接种或部分接种、应用持续气道正压通气或机械通气以及合并其他呼吸道病原感染、重症肺炎、电解质紊乱、巨细胞病毒感染均可使百日咳患儿住院时间延长。

• Objective To analyze the related influencing factors of hospitalization time in children with pertussis. Methods Clinical data of 167 pertussis children hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2018 to December 2019 were collected, the relevant factors that might affect hospitalization time were analyzed by single factor and multiple linear regression analysis. Results Single factor analysis showed that gestational age<39 weeks, birth weight＜3 000 g, twins/multiple births, partial or no pertussis vaccination, sputum positive for Bordetella pertussis on admission, application of continuous positive airway pressure ventilation（CPAP） or mechanical ventilation during hospitalization, combined with other respiratory pathogen infections, severe pneumonia, electrolyte disturbance, and pertussis encephalopathy were the influcing factors of hospitalization time of pertussis children(all P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that twins/multiple births, combined with other respiratory pathogen infections, application of CPAP or mechanical ventilation, severe pneumonia, incomplete or no pertussis vaccination, electrolyte disturbance, and cytomegalovirus infection were risk factors for hospitalization time (the regression coefficients were 4.103， 4.076， 12.367， 3.670， 1.909， 7.668， 2.755, respectively)(all P<0.05). Conclusion The length of hospitalization time of pertussis children may be extended by twins or multiple births, incomplete or no pertussis vaccination, application of CPAP or mechanical ventilation, combined with other respiratory pathogen infections, severe pneumonia, electrolyte disorders, and cytomegalovirus  infection.