2023 年第 12 期 第 18 卷

长链非编码RNA肺腺癌转移相关转录本1在恶性肿瘤中作用和应用的研究进展

Research progress on the role and application of long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 in malignant tumors

作者：王亚军1史珂2刘辉3李标1

英文作者：Wang Yajun1 Shi Ke2 Liu Hui3 Li Biao1

单位：1海南医学院第二附属医院胸外科，海口570311；2海南医学院第二附属医院呼吸内科，海口570311；3海南医学院，海口571199

英文单位：1Department of Thoracic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570311 China; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570311 China; 3Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 China

关键词：恶性肿瘤；肺腺癌转移相关转录本1；长链非编码RNA；竞争内源性RNA

英文关键词：Malignanttumor;Metastasis-associatedlungadenocarcinomatranscript1;Longnon-codingRNA;CompetingendogenousRNA

• 摘要：

• 长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是内源性的长度超过200 nt的非编码RNA，其在细胞增殖、凋亡、代谢、迁移、血管生成、内皮功能障碍、内皮-间充质转化、细胞周期调节、细胞分化等诸多生物过程中发挥着重要作用。肺腺癌转移相关转录本1（MALAT1）是最早发现的lncRNA之一，本文主要从MALAT1的基本结构、功能作用及与肿瘤的关系几方面进行综述，总结了MALAT1在恶性肿瘤中作用和应用的研究进展。在肺癌患者中，MALAT1过表达与肺癌预后不良相关；在食管癌患者中，MALAT1可通过调节细胞周期增强食管癌的侵袭和转移能力；在宫颈癌患者中，MALAT1通过调节多种微小RNA促进肿瘤的增殖、迁移能力；目前MALAT1对乳腺癌的作用尚无定论，一些研究认为MALAT1促进乳腺癌细胞的增殖、转移能力，但另外一些研究认为MALAT1可以抑制乳腺癌的增殖、转移、侵袭能力。这些研究显示MALAT1有望成为有效的肿瘤生物标志物和未来的主要治疗靶点。

• Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are endogenous non-coding RNA longer than 200 nt. LncRNA plays important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, migration, angiogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation, and many other biological processes. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the first lncRNA identified. This paper mainly reviews the basic structure, functional effects, and relationship with tumors of MALAT1, and summarizes the research progress in the role and application of MALAT1 in malignant tumors. In lung cancer patients, MALAT1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis of lung cancer; in esophageal cancer patients, MALAT1 can enhance the invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer by regulating the cell cycle; in cervical cancer patients, MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and migration ability of tumors by regulating a variety of microRNAs. Currently, the role of MALAT1 in breast cancer is inconclusive. Some studies suggest that MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and metastatic ability of breast cancer cells, but other studies suggest that MALAT1 can inhibit the proliferation, metastatic and invasive ability of breast cancer. These studies show that MALAT1