2018 年第 5 期 第 13 卷

膝关节半月板根部损伤的治疗进展

Progress in the treatment of meniscal root tear

作者：张鹏飞徐永胜包呼日查齐岩松王永祥魏宝刚马秉贤

英文作者：

单位：010010呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学研究生学院(张鹏飞)；010010呼和浩特,内蒙古自治区人民医院骨关节科(徐永胜、包呼日查、齐岩松、王永祥、魏宝刚、马秉贤)

英文单位：

关键词：半月板根部损伤；膝关节；关节镜

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 半月板根部损伤(MRT)会使半月板失去传导载荷的功能，加速膝关节软骨的退化。目前对于高龄、手术耐受力差、伴有严重膝关节退变及慢性退行性损伤的MRT患者临床上多采用保守治疗，而对于急性创伤性损伤、陈旧或退变的MRT患者往往需要手术修复。胫骨高位截骨虽可缓解MRT的临床症状，但远期临床疗效有待进一步考证。关节镜下MRT手术修复技术是治疗MRT的主流方式，可有效恢复半月板根部解剖结构和功能，进而延缓膝关节退变的发生。MRT一经确诊，如符合手术适应证，应根据患者具体情况尽快制定相应的治疗方案，术后经适当、有效的康复锻炼，短期内可明显改善患者膝关节功能，并明显延缓骨性关节炎的进程，远期疗效有待进一步随访观察。

• 【Abstract】Meniscal root tear（MRT） can cause damages on the conduction and load function of meniscus and accelerate knee articular cartilage degeneration. Conservative treatments are mostly used in MRT patients with advanced age, poor operative tolerance, knee joint severe degeneration or chronic degenerative injury; surgical repair is required for acute traumatic injury, obstructed or degenerative MRT. High tibial osteotomy may be effective in alleviating the clinical symptoms of MRT although the long curative effect is still under investigation. Arthroscopic MRT repair is a major way that can effectively restore the anatomical structure and function of meniscal root and delay the onset of knee joint degeneration. With early surgical repair and appropriate postoperative rehabilitation exercise, patients with MRT can have significant knee joint function improvement in a short time; the long-term effect needs further observation.

  【Key words】Meniscus root tear;Knee joint;Arthroscopy

  【Fund program】National Natural Science Foundation of China（81560374）； Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region（20140149）； Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region（2014BS0811, 2014MS08131）