2018 年第 6 期 第 13 卷

北京社区2型糖尿病患者抑郁焦虑的相关因素分析

Influence factors of depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing community

作者：刘新宁侯连龙何善娴李南杨红霞曾哲淳

英文作者：

单位：100872北京，中国人民大学医院内科（刘新宁）；100016北京市朝阳区酒仙桥社区卫生服务中心（侯连龙）；100029首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院第二门诊部暨大屯社区卫生服务中心（何善娴）；100029首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科北京市心肺血管疾病研究所（李南、杨红霞、曾哲淳）

英文单位：

关键词：2型糖尿病；抑郁；焦虑

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 【摘要】目的    探讨北京社区2型糖尿病患者抑郁焦虑的相关因素。方法    连续纳入2015年12月至2016年12月在北京市15个社区医院就诊的293例2型糖尿病患者，采用自制一般情况调查表、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表对293例患者进行问卷调查，分析患者抑郁焦虑的相关因素。结果    293例患者中 173例患者发生了抑郁焦虑（抑郁焦虑组），发生率为59.0%，120例患者未发生抑郁焦虑（非抑郁焦虑组）。抑郁焦虑组女性、糖化血红蛋白＞7.0%、糖尿病病程＞8年、有并发症、无配偶、月收入≤2 500元比例均明显高于非抑郁焦虑组，接受大专及以上程度教育、参加社区活动比例均明显低于非抑郁焦虑组［58.4%（101/173）比46.7%（56/120）、54.3%（94/173）比42.5%（51/120）、60.7%（105/173）比46.7%（56/120）、68.2%（118/173）比40.8%（49/120）、27.7%（48/173）比17.5%（21/120）、60.7%（105/173）比48.3%（58/120）、64.7%（112/173）比80.8%（97/120）、36.4%（63/173）比64.2%（77/120）］，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，女性、糖化血红蛋白＞7.0%、糖尿病病程＞8年、有并发症、无配偶是2型糖尿病合并抑郁焦虑的危险因素，接受大专以上教育程度及积极参加社区活动可以减少2型糖尿病患者抑郁焦虑发生率（均P＜0.05）。结论    女性、糖化血红蛋白＞7.0%、糖尿病病程＞8年、有并发症及无配偶是2型糖尿病患者发生抑郁焦虑的危险因素，而接受大专及以上程度教育、积极参加社区活动是其保护性因素。

• 【Abstract】Objective    To investigate the influence factors of depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing community. Methods    Totally 293 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from 15 community health service centers in Beijing from December 2015 to December 2016. A self-designed questionnaire, the Self-rating Depression Scale and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale were used to collect general information and illness condition of patients. Influence factors of depression and anxiety were analyzed. Results    Among the 293 diabetic patients, 173 patients（59.0%） had depression and anxiety. Ratios of female, glycosylated hemoglobin level＞7.0%, diabetes course＞8 years, occurrence of diabetic complications, no spouse, monthly income≤2 500 yuan in depression and anxiety group（n＝173） were significantly higher than those in non-depression and anxiety group（n＝120）； ratios of advanced education and participation in community activities in depression and anxiety group were significantly lower than those in non-depression and anxiety group［58.4%（101/173） vs 46.7%（56/120）, 54.3%（94/173） vs 42.5%（51/120）, 60.7%（105/173） vs 46.7%（56/120）, 68.2%（118/173） vs 40.8%（49/120）, 27.7%（48/173） vs 17.5%（21/120）, 60.7%（105/173） vs 48.3%（58/120）, 64.7%（112/173） vs 80.8%（97/120）, 36.4%（63/173） vs 64.2%（77/120）］（P＜0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that female, glycosylated hemoglobin level＞7.0%, diabetes course＞8 years, occurrence of diabetic complications and no spouse were risk factors of depression and anxiety in diabetic patients; advanced education and participation in community activities were protective factors of depression and anxiety in diabetic patients（P＜0.05）. Conclusions    Female, glycosylated hemoglobin＞7.0%, diabetes course＞8 years, occurrence of diabetic complications and no spouse are risk factors of depression and anxiety in diabetic patients. Education and participation in community activities are protective factors of depression and anxiety in diabetic patients.