2019 年第 12 期 第 14 卷

老年住院患者营养状态与老年综合征患病情况调查

A survey on nutritional state and prevalence of geriatric syndrome in elderly inpatients

作者：莫丽亚吴永华王敏红缪琪蕾杨云龙谢峥薛刚杨丽君

英文作者：

单位：215000江苏省苏州市立医院老年科

英文单位：

关键词：老年综合征；营养状态

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 【摘要】目的    探讨老年住院患者营养状态及营养异常患者老年综合征的罹患情况。方法    选取2015年6月至2018年12月苏州市立医院老年科住院治疗的135例患者，应用微型营养评估量表进行营养状态评估，分为营养正常组（97例）和营养异常组（38例）。比较2组的一般资料和老年综合征的罹患情况。结果    2组患者在体重指数、婚姻状况、牙齿疾病影响进食、吞咽障碍、慢性共病方面差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。营养异常组患者认知障碍、跌倒高风险、多重用药、日常生活能力下降比例明显高于营养正常组［47.3%（18/38）比22.7%（22/97）、50.0%（19/38）比25.8%（25/97）、78.9%（30/38）比57.7%（56/97）、31.6%（12/38）比20.6%（20/97）］，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论    老年住院患者营养不良问题较为常见，营养异常患者认知障碍、跌倒高风险、多重用药、日常生活能力下降发生率高，需要进行个体化管理。

• 【Abstract】Objective    To investigate the nutritional state and the prevalence of geriatric syndrome in elderly inpatients. Methods    A total of 135 elderly patients hospitalized in Suzhou Municipal Hospital between June 2015 and December 2018 were enrolled. According to the nutritional state assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment, the patients were divided into normal group（97 cases） and malnutrition group（38 cases）. Clinical baseline data and the comorbidity of geriatric syndrome were analyzed. Results    There were significant differences in body mass index, marital status, tooth condition, dysphagia and chronic comorbidities between the 2 groups（all P＜0.05）. Proportions of cognitive impairment, high risk of falling, multiple drug use and decline of daily living ability in malnutrition group were significantly higher than those in normal group［47.3%（18/38） vs 22.7%（22/97）, 50.0%（19/38） vs 25.8%（25/97）, 78.9%（30/38） vs 57.7%（56/97）, 31.6%（12/38） vs 20.6%（20/97）］（all P＜0.05）. Conclusions    Malnutrition is common in hospitalized elderly patients. Patients with malnutrition may have high risks of cognitive impairment, falling, multiple drug use and decline of daily living ability.