2020 年第 3 期 第 15 卷

右美托咪定在儿童中的药代动力学及有效性和安全性研究进展

Research progress of pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in children

作者：黄颖1黄栋2石娟1陈玲玲1

英文作者：

单位：1贵州医科大学临床医学院，贵阳550002；2贵州省人民医院儿科重症监护室，贵阳550000

英文单位：

关键词：右美托咪定；药代动力学；安全性；生理作用

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 【摘要】右美托咪定是一种高效的α2肾上腺素受体激动剂，具有镇静、镇痛、抗交感及抗焦虑等作用。右美托咪定具有独特的优势，通过激活内源性非快速动眼促睡眠途径，引起的睡眠类似自然睡眠，易被外来刺激和语言唤醒，且呼吸抑制小，更有利于儿童的镇静。右美托咪定已广泛应用于成人麻醉，但因儿童属于特殊人群，必须考虑许多因素，以确保良好的耐受性以及安全的镇静作用。本文对右美托咪定的药代动力学特点、生理作用、儿科临床应用的有效性和安全性3个方面作一综述。

  
  

• 【Abstract】Dexmedetomidine is a high-performance α2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, antisympathetic and antianxiety effects. By activating endogenous non-rapid-eye-movement sleep-promoting pathway, it induces anesthesia similar to natural sleep that can be easily awakened by external stimuli and words and has no obvious respiratory depression, which is more conducive to sedation in children. Although dexmedetomidine has been widely used in adults, its application in children needs more proofs to ensure the drug safety and tolerance. This article reviewed the pharmacokinetic characteristics, physiological actions, efficacy and safety of anesthesia with dexmedetomidine in children.