2021 年第 9 期 第 16 卷

内吞蛋白A1参与神经元突触囊泡循环及对部分神经精神疾病影响的研究进展

Research progress on endophilin A1 involved in synaptic vesicles circulation of neuronal and its effects on some neurological and psychiatric diseases

作者：陈东升1张萌2张彩兰1赵辉1齐艳1孙支唐1

英文作者：Chen Dongsheng1 Zhang Meng2 Zhang Cailan1 Zhao Hui1 Qi Yan1 Sun Zhitang1

单位：1山西医科大学第二医院山西医科大学第二临床医学院神经内科，太原030001；2西安交通大学第一附属医院神经内科，西安710061陈东升为山西医科大学在读硕士研究生

英文单位：1Department of Neurology Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University the Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 China; 2Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University Xi′an 710061 China

关键词：神经系统疾病；精神系统疾病；内吞蛋白A1；突触囊泡循环

英文关键词：Neurologicaldisease;Psychiatricdiseases;EndophilinA1;Synapticvesiclescirculation

• 摘要：

• 脑内神经元之间的信息交流依赖于突触囊泡的循环，该循环的有效运行离不开突触囊泡的内吞作用。内吞蛋白A1能够限制囊泡脱膜及突触囊泡的循环速率，神经元中缺乏内吞蛋白A1会导致神经元之间信息交流减少。内吞蛋白A1是一种中枢神经系统和睾丸组织特有的蛋白，其在神经元发育中的含量增加而显著影响个体的认知功能。此外，内吞蛋白A1在突触囊泡循环中发挥的主要作用是调节膜曲率并形成网格蛋白包被囊泡、收集突触相关蛋白并回收网格蛋白、释放突触小泡等，它参与调控的突触囊泡循环出现问题，会导致神经系统功能障碍，产生多种神经、精神疾病。本文系统地综述了内吞蛋白A1在部分神经、精神疾病中的研究进展，重点阐述内吞蛋白A1介导的突触囊泡循环与神经、精神疾病发病的关系，并对其前景进行展望。

• The information exchange between neurons in the brain relies on synaptic vesicles circulation, and the effective operation of this circulation is inseparable from the endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. Endophilin A1 can limit vesicles membrane uncoating and the circulation rate of synaptic vesicles. The lack of endophilin A1 in neurons would reduce the communication between neurons. Endophilin A1 is a protein unique to the central nervous system and testicular tissues. Its content increases with neuron development, which significantly affects individual cognitive functions. In addition, endophilin A1 in synaptic vesicles mainly includes regulating membrane curvature and forming clathrin-coated vesicles, collecting synaptic-related proteins and recovering clathrin, as well as releasing synaptic vesicles. Its mediation of the synaptic vesicle circulation could lead to nervous system dysfunction and cause many neurological and psychiatric diseases. This article systematically reviews the research progress of endophilin A1 in neurological and psychiatric diseases, focuses on the relationship between endophilin A1-mediated synaptic vesicles circulation and neurological, psychiatric diseases, and prospects the outlook.