2023 年第 8 期 第 18 卷

胃癌家系危险因素的研究进展

Research progress on risk factors of gastric cancer in families

作者：王增允宁静温越丁士刚

英文作者：Wang Zengyun Ning Jing Wen Yue Ding Shigang

单位：北京大学第三医院消化科幽门螺杆菌感染及上胃肠疾病防治研究北京市重点实验室，北京100191

英文单位：Department of Gastroenterology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Disease Beijing 100191 China

关键词：胃癌；家族史；危险因素；遗传易感性；幽门螺杆菌

英文关键词：Gastriccancer;Familyhistory;Riskfactors;Geneticsusceptibility;Helicobacterpylori

• 摘要：

• 胃癌在世界范围内具有高发病率和死亡率的特点，识别高风险个体对于监测和预防胃癌具有重要意义。家族史是一个强烈而明确的胃癌风险因素，但这种家族性聚集背后的致病机制尚不完全明确。本综述我们根据目前研究进展总结了家族性胃癌的危险因素，包括幽门螺杆菌感染、有2个或2个以上患癌一级亲属、女性；遗传易感性、环境因素或其组合参与了胃癌的家族聚集过程。目前尚未发现特定的单核苷酸多态性与胃癌的家族聚集有关。

• Gastric cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Identifying high-risk individuals is important for monitoring and preventing gastric cancer. Family history is a strong and clear risk factor for gastric cancer, but the underlying pathogenic mechanism of this familial aggregation is not fully understood. This review summarizes the risk factors for familial gastric cancer based on current research progress, including Helicobacter pylori infection, having two or more first-degree relatives with cancer and women. Genetic susceptibility, environmental factors or their combinations are involved in the familial aggregation process of gastric cancer. Specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to the familial aggregation of gastric cancer have not yet been identified.