2024 年第 7 期 第 0 卷

老年心血管疾病增强型体外反搏康复处方中国专家共识

Chinese expert consensus on enhanced external counterpulsation rehabilitation prescription for elderly cardiovascular disease

作者：中国医师协会心脏重症专业委员会,中国医药教育协会重症医学专业委员会,辽宁省老年服务协会,辽宁省互联网协会智慧医养结合工作委员会，沈阳市医师协会医学人文专业委员会

英文作者：Cardiac Intensive Care Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association Critical Care Medicine Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Education Association Liaoning Elderly Service Association Liaoning Province Internet Association Intelligent Combination of Medical Care Professional Committee Medical Humanities Professional Committee of Shenyang Medical Doctor Association

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关键词：心血管疾病；老年；增强型体外反搏；运动康复；治疗；共识

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 心血管疾病仍然是全球高发疾病和人群死亡的最大原因，严重影响老年人的健康。目前人口老龄化趋势已成为一个重大的全球性问题，随年龄增长的生理变化特点，老年人更容易患心血管疾病，同时老年人常发生多病共患，更是导致心力衰竭患病率上升的重要原因。因此亟待采取新的战略，制定适合老年人的个性化医疗保健方案，延缓老龄化心血管疾病进展，逐步提高老年人健康期望寿命。增强型体外反搏（EECP）是一种适合于心血管疾病康复和二级预防的无创性治疗方法。作为被动的有氧运动，EECP为老年心血管疾病患者提供了安全、有效、无创的康复治疗手段。为了规范EECP在老年心血管疾病患者中的应用及处方管理，有效增加冠状动脉储备、改善心功能、提高运动耐量、改善其生活质量并获得最佳预后，中国医师协会心脏重症专业委员会、中国医药教育协会重症医学专业委员会等专家组专家多次研讨和对大量循证医学证据进行筛选，制定本共识。本共识侧重临床实践，以需求为导向，梳理流程，包括EECP工作原理、对心血管疾病的作用机制、在老年心血管疾病中的应用及操作规程，旨在帮助临床医师开展规范化、系统化的EECP治疗，以期提高治疗的有效性和安全性，为老年心血管疾病患者EECP的应用提供参考及依据。

• Cardiovascular disease remains a high incidence disease worldwide and the largest cause of mortality among populations and severely affects the health of elderly. At present, the trend of population aging has become a major global problem. With the physiological changes of aging, the elderly are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, the elderly often have multimorbidity, which is an important reason for the increase in the prevalence of heart failure. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt new strategies to develop personalized health care programs suitable for the elderly, delay the progression of cardiovascular disease in the aging population, and gradually improve the healthy life expectancy of the elderly. Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a non-invasive treatment suitable for cardiovascular rehabilitation and secondary prevention. As a passive aerobic exercise, EECP provides a safe, effective and non-invasive rehabilitation treatment for elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. In order to standardize the application and prescription management of EECP in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease, effectively increase coronary artery reserve, improve cardiac function, improve exercise tolerance, improve their quality of life and obtain the best prognosis, Cardiac Intensive Care Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Critical Care Medicine Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Education Association, and etc. have developed the consensus by mutiple seminars and screened a large number of evidence-based medical evidence. This consensus focuses on clinical practice, is demand-oriented, and summarizes the process, including the working principle of EECP, the mechanism of action on cardiovascular diseases, the application of EECP in elderly cardiovascular diseases, and the operating procedures. The consensus aims to help clinicians to carry out standardized and systematic EECP treatment, so as to improve the effectiveness and safety of treatment, and to provide reference and basis for the application of EECP in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.