2025 年第 7 期 第 20 卷

快速康复医学在心脏外科中的应用进展

The application progress of rapid rehabilitation medicine in cardiac surgery

作者：张书瑜1王晟2刘文君2

英文作者：Zhang Shuyu1 Wang Sheng2 Liu Wenjun2

单位：1南昌大学第一临床医学院,南昌330006；2首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院麻醉手术中心，北京100029

英文单位：1The First Clinical Medical College Nanchang University Nanchang 330006 China; 2Anesthesia and Surgery Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

关键词：快速康复医学；心脏手术；麻醉

英文关键词：Rapidrehabilitationmedicine;Cardiacsurgery;Anesthesia

• 摘要：

• 心脏外科手术因具有创伤程度深、术后并发症风险高等特点，患者围手术期管理面临严峻挑战。快速康复医学通过整合术前预康复、微创技术应用、目标导向液体管理等多学科协作方案，构建覆盖围手术期全流程的优化路径，可有效调控手术应激反应，降低肺部感染等并发症，并缩短重症监护病房停留时间及住院周期。本文系统综述快速康复医学在心脏外科领域的最新进展，聚焦微创手术入路优化、体外循环血液管理、精准体温维持及凝血功能动态监测等关键技术突破，为推动快速康复医学理念在心脏外科的规范化实施提供理论依据。

• Cardiac surgery faces severe challenges in the perioperative management of patients due to its characteristics of deep trauma and high risk of postoperative complications. Rapid rehabilitation medicine, by integrating multidisciplinary collaboration programs such as preoperative pre-rehabilitation, application of minimally invasive techniques, and goal-oriented fluid management, constructs an optimized path covering the entire perioperative process. It can effectively regulate surgical stress responses, reduce complications such as pulmonary infections, and shorten the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the length of hospital stay. This article systematically reviews the latest progress of rapid rehabilitation medicine in the field of cardiac surgery, focusing on key technological breakthroughs such as the optimization of minimally invasive surgical approaches, extracorporeal circulation blood management, precise body temperature maintenance, and dynamic monitoring of coagulation function, providing a theoretical basis for promoting the standardized implementation of the concept of rapid rehabilitation medicine in cardiac surgery.