2025 年第 7 期 第 20 卷

外泌体在糖尿病创面修复中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in diabetic wound repair

作者：聂鹏鹃杨小凡陈振兵

英文作者：Nie Pengjuan Yang Xiaofan Chen Zhenbing

单位：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院手外科，武汉430022

英文单位：Department of Hand Surgery Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China

关键词：糖尿病创面；外泌体；创面修复；药物递送；氧化应激

英文关键词：Diabeticwound;Exosomes;Woundrepair;Drugdelivery;Oxidativestress

• 摘要：

• 糖尿病创面愈合困难是当今重要的公共卫生问题。此类创面受缺血缺氧、感染、炎症和神经病变等多重因素影响，导致愈合进程严重受阻。外泌体作为一种新型生物治疗工具，既保留了亲代细胞的生物活性，又具有低免疫原性和良好的生物相容性。它可携带生长因子、基因、蛋白质等生物活性分子，以及金属离子、氧气、一氧化氮等非生物活性物质，通过调节炎症反应、促进血管生成、抑制氧化应激和重建细胞外基质等多重机制促进创面愈合。本文综述了外泌体在糖尿病创面修复治疗中的研究进展，重点阐述了其作用机制和递送策略，并结合现有局限性对未来发展方向进行了展望。

• The difficulty of diabetic wound healing is an important public health problem. Such wounds are affected by multiple factors such as ischemia and hypoxia, infection, inflammation, and neuropathy, which seriously hinder the healing process. As a new biotherapeutic tool, exosomes not only retain the biological activity of parental cells, but also have low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility. It can carry bioactive molecules such as growth factors, genes, and proteins, as well as non-bioactive substances such as metal ions, oxygen, and nitric oxide. It can promote wound healing by multiple mechanisms such as regulating inflammatory response, promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting oxidative stress, and reconstructing extracellular matrix. This article reviews the research progress of exosomes in diabetic wound repair, focusing on their mechanism of action and delivery strategies, and prospects the future development direction combined with the existing limitations.