2025 年第 9 期 第 20 卷

大蒜素注射液联合常规抗菌药物治疗社区获得性肺炎患者的效果及对抗菌药物使用强度和细菌清除率的影响

The effect of allicin injection combined with conventional antibiotics in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia and its influence on antibiotics use density and bacterial clearance rate

作者：周海坚1潘海燕2陈东华1吕聪1郭凌霄3陆海鹏1莫海玲1

英文作者：Zhou Haijian1 Pan Haiyan2 Chen Donghua1 Lyu Cong1 Guo Lingxiao3 Lu Haipeng1 Mo Hailing1

单位：1广西壮族自治区民族医院药学部，南宁530001；2广西壮族自治区民族医院呼吸与危重症医学科，南宁530001；3广西壮族自治区民族医院检验科，南宁530001

英文单位：1Department of Pharmacy National Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530001 China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine National Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530001 China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory National Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530001 China

关键词：社区获得性肺炎；抗菌药物；大蒜素；抗菌药物使用强度；细菌清除率

英文关键词：Community-acquiredpneumonia;Antibiotics;Allicin;Antibioticsusedensity;Bacterialclearancerate

• 摘要：

• 目的 探讨大蒜素注射液联合常规抗菌药物治疗社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者的效果及对抗菌药物使用强度（AUD）和细菌清除率的影响。方法 选取2022年7月至2024年7月广西壮族自治区民族医院收治的CAP患者为研究对象，根据是否联合大蒜素注射液抗菌治疗分为观察组（127例）和对照组（167例），2组患者基于倾向性匹配原则配对115对，其中115例观察组患者采取常规抗菌药物联合大蒜素注射液治疗，115例对照组患者采取常规抗菌药物治疗。比较2组临床疗效、临床症状改善情况、病原菌清除率、住院时间、AUD。结果 2组CAP患者抗菌治疗后总有效率比较差异无统计学意义（P=1.000），但观察组临床治愈率高于对照组［30.4%(35/115)比14.8%(17/115)］（P=0.005）。治疗后2组肺炎严重指数与CURB-65评分均低于治疗前，且观察组均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗后2组肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌清除率比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05），但观察组整体病原菌清除率高于对照组［98.3%(113/115)比87.8%(101/115)］（P=0.002）。观察组患者住院时间短于对照组［（6.0±1.8）d比（9.7±2.4）d］，AUD值低于对照组［（4.6±1.0）比（7.7±1.7）］（均P＜0.001）。结论 大蒜素注射液与抗菌药物联合应用于CAP治疗，可显著提高临床治愈率，提高细菌清除率，降低AUD，缩短住院时间。

• Objective To investigate the effect of allicin injection combined with conventional antibiotics in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its influence on antibiotics use density (AUD) and bacterial clearance rate. Methods Patients with CAP admitted to National Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from July 2022 to July 2024 were selected as the research objects. According to whether combined with allicin injection antibacterial treatment, they were divided into observation group (127 cases) and control group (167 cases). Based on the principle of propensity score matching, 115 pairs of patients in the two groups were matched, of which 115 patients in the observation group were treated with conventional antibiotics combined with allicin injection, and 115 patients in the control group were treated with conventional antibiotics. The clinical efficacy, improvement of clinical symptoms, pathogen clearance rate, length of hospital stay, and AUD were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the total effective rate of CAP patients between the two groups after antimicrobial treatment  (P=1.000), but the clinical cure rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group ［30.4%(35/115) vs 14.8%(17/115)］(P=0.005). After treatment, the pneumonia severity index and CURB-65 scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the clearance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii between the two groups after treatment (all P＞0.05). However, the overall pathogen clearance rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group ［98.3%(113/115) vs 87.8%(101/115)］(P=0.002). The hospitalization time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group ［(6.0±1.8)d vs (9.7±2.4)d］, and the AUD value was lower than that of the control group ［(4.6±1.0) vs (7.7±1.7)］(both P＜0.001). Conclusion Allicin injection combined with antibiotics in the treatment of CAP can significantly improve the clinical cure rate, improve the bacterial clearance rate, reduce AUD, and shorten the length of hospital stay.