2025 年第 9 期 第 20 卷

小柴胡汤及其单味药有效成分在消化系统疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of Xiaochaihu decoction and its single active ingredient in digestive system diseases

作者：涂娟1刘礼剑2韦金秀2杨成宁2陈广文2李建锋2

英文作者：Tu Juan1 Liu Lijian2 Wei Jinxiu2 Yang Chengning2 Chen Guangwen2 Li Jianfeng2

单位：1广西中医药大学，南宁530001；2广西中医药大学第一附属医院脾胃病科二区，南宁530001

英文单位：1Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001 China; 2Second District Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001 China

关键词：消化系统疾病；小柴胡汤；有效成分

英文关键词：Digestivesystemdiseases;Xiaochaihudecoction;Activeingredients

• 摘要：

• 小柴胡汤载于我国东汉张仲景的《伤寒论》，由柴胡、黄芩、半夏、人参、甘草、生姜、大枣组成，其主要功效为和解少阳、和胃降逆、扶正祛邪，临床研究中多以其加减或联合西药治疗慢性胃炎、胃食管反流病、消化性溃疡、肠易激综合征、慢性乙型肝炎、消化道肿瘤等多个消化系统疾病。现代药理研究显示，小柴胡汤治疗消化系统疾病发挥着抗炎、抗氧化、保护黏膜屏障、抗菌、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等药理作用。本文从小柴胡汤在消化系统的相关临床研究、方剂各组成药物治疗消化系统疾病的相关药理成分以及动物实验研究等方面进行归纳总结，并探讨其药理成分之间的配伍规律，为进一步研究提供参考。

• Xiaochaihu decoction, which is contained in Zhang Zhongjing′s Treatise on Typhoid Fever of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, consists of Chaihu, Scutellaria baicalensis, Pinellia ternata, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, Ginger and Jujubae, and its main effects are to reconcile Shao-Yang, harmonise the stomach and lower the rebelliousness, and support the positive and dispel the evil spirits. In clinical studies, it is mostly used in the treatment of chronic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic hepatitis B, digestive tract tumors and other digestive system diseases. Modern pharmacology shows that Xiaochaihu decoction has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, mucosal barrier protection, antibacterial, immune regulation, anti-tumor and other pharmacological effects in the treatment of digestive diseases. This article summarizes the clinical research on the digestive system, the pharmacological components of each component of the formula in the treatment of digestive system diseases, and the animal experimental research of Xiaochaihu decoction, and discusses the compatibility of its pharmacological components, so as to provide reference for further research.