2026 年第 3 期 第 21 卷

肠道微生物群在2型糖尿病胃肠功能紊乱中作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of gut microbiota in gastrointestinal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus

作者：商展蕊陈艳张树辉赵子健牛琼

英文作者：Shang Zhanrui Chen Yan Zhang Shuhui Zhao Zijian Niu Qiong

单位：滨州医学院附属医院消化内科，滨州256603

英文单位：Department of Gastroenterology Binzhou Medical University Hospital Binzhou 256603 China

关键词：2型糖尿病；宏基因组；肠道微生物群系；胃肠功能紊乱；胃肠动力

英文关键词：Type2diabetesmellitus;Metagenome;Gutmicrobiome;Gastrointestinaldysfunction; Gastrointestinalmotility

• 摘要：

• 2型糖尿病是一种复杂的代谢性疾病，其患病率逐年上升，诸多并发症引起了研究者的广泛关注。糖尿病性胃肠功能紊乱可表现为功能亢进的恶心、呕吐和腹泻，或为功能低下的早饱、腹胀及便秘，这些症状时有发生且交替反复，常伴随焦虑与抑郁等心理问题，严重影响患者生活质量。然而，由于其非致命特征，该领域尚未获得足够重视，其发病机制仍不完全明确。作为人类第二大基因组，肠道微生物群在代谢性疾病特别是2型糖尿病的发展中发挥着重要作用。本文综述了肠道微生物群与2型糖尿病胃肠功能紊乱之间的关系，以期为以肠道微生物群为靶点改善由2型糖尿病引起的胃肠功能紊乱提供科学依据。

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence year by year, and its various complications have attracted wide attention from researchers. Diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction can present as hyperfunctional symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, or hypofunctional symptoms including early satiety, abdominal distension and constipation. These symptoms occur intermittently and alternately, often accompanied by psychological problems such as anxiety and depression, which seriously affect patients′ quality of life. However, due to its non-fatal nature, this field has not received sufficient attention, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely clear. As the second largest genome of humans, gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article reviews the relationship between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus, aiming to provide a scientific basis for improving diabetes-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction by targeting gut microbiota.