2026 年第 4 期 第 21 卷

中医药通过诱导肿瘤血管正常化防治肝癌的研究进展

Research progress on traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating liver cancer by inducing tumor vascular normalization

作者：林玩福1张津2向爽1张野1仲茂凤3

英文作者：Lin Wanfu1 Zhang Jin2 Xiang Shuang1 Zhang Ye1 Zhong Maofeng3

单位：1中国人民解放军海军军医大学中医系，上海200433；2上海市浦东新区康桥社区卫生服务中心，上海200120；3上海中医药大学附属曙光医院特色诊疗技术研究所，上海201203

英文单位：1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical University Chinese People′s Liberation Army Shanghai 200433 China; 2Kangqiao Community Health Service Center Pudong New District Shanghai 200120 China; 3Institute of Characteristic Therapeutic Technology Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China

关键词：肿瘤血管正常化；肝癌；中医药；抗血管生成；肝癌微环境

英文关键词：Tumorvascularnormalization;Livercancer;TraditionalChinesemedicine;Anti-angiogenesis;Livercancermicroenvironment

• 摘要：

• 我国是肝癌高发国家，抗血管生成是肝癌治疗的重要策略之一，但耐药性问题导致整体疗效仍不尽如人意。靶向肝癌血管正常化以提升免疫治疗、化疗等手段的疗效，已成为当前极具潜力的研究热点。本文阐述了肿瘤血管正常化的概念及发展历程，强调了正常化时间窗的核心意义，并从临床试验与临床前研究两个维度，系统综述了诱导肝癌血管正常化的研究进展。中医药凭借多靶点调控及整体调节的独特优势，不仅具有靶向血管生成平衡、促进肝癌血管正常化的潜能，还可通过调控肝癌微环境（包括调节巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、肿瘤相关成纤维细胞等）间接诱导血管正常化，最终发挥抗肝癌作用。

• China is a country with a high incidence of liver cancer. Anti-angiogenesis is one of the important strategies for liver cancer treatment, but the problem of drug resistance results  in the overall efficacy remaining unsatisfactory. Targeting liver cancer vascular normalization to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, chemotherapy and other treatment methods  has become a highly promising research hotspot at present. This paper expounds the concept and development course of tumor vascular normalization, emphasizes the core significance of the normalization time window, and systematically reviews the research progress of inducing liver cancer vascular normalization from two dimensions of clinical trials and preclinical studies. With the unique advantages of multi-target regulation and holistic modulation, traditional Chinese medicine not only has the potential to target angiogenesis balance and promote liver cancer vascular normalization, but also can indirectly induce vascular normalization by regulating the liver cancer microenvironment (including regulating macrophages, neutrophils, cancer-associated fibroblasts, etc.), and ultimately exert anti-liver cancer effects.