2026 年第 5 期 第 21 卷

本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术结合平衡训练对脑损伤患者肢体稳定性和姿势调整能力及跌倒风险的影响

Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with balance training on limb stability, postural adjustment ability and fall risk in patients with brain injury

作者：李春芳张晨崔莉茹谭建杨傲然

英文作者：Li Chunfang Zhang Chen Cui Liru Tan Jian Yang Aoran

单位：首都医科大学附属北京康复医院康复诊疗中心，北京100144

英文单位：Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment Center Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100144 China

关键词：本体感觉神经肌肉促进；平衡训练；脑损伤；肢体稳定性；姿势调整；跌倒风险

英文关键词：Proprioceptiveneuromuscularfacilitation;Balancetraining;Braininjury;Limbstability; Postureadjustment;Fallrisk

• 摘要：

• 目的 探讨本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术结合平衡训练对脑损伤患者肢体稳定性、姿势调整能力和跌倒风险的影响。方法 选取首都医科大学附属北京康复医院2024年3月至2025年2月收治的98例脑损伤患者，按照随机数字表法分成平衡训练组（接受平衡训练）与神经肌肉促进组（接受本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术结合平衡训练），每组49例。比较2组患者干预前后的肢体稳定性、姿势调整能力、跌倒风险、康复训练依从性、肌力水平。结果 干预后，神经肌肉促进组患者的Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表评分、Tinetti平衡与步态量表评分、康复训练依从性评分均高于平衡训练组，Morse跌倒评估量表评分低于平衡训练组（均P＜0.05）。神经肌肉促进组患者的英国医学研究理事会肌力分级0级与1级占比均低于平衡训练组［0（0/49）比12.2%（6/49）、4.1%（2/49）比32.7%（16/49）］，肌力分级4级与5级占比均高于平衡训练组［24.5%（12/49）比6.1%（3/49）、14.3%（7/49）比2.0%（1/49）］（均P＜0.05）。结论 本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术结合平衡训练的综合疗法，在脑损伤患者康复中效果显著优于单一平衡训练，能更有效地提升患者肢体稳定性与姿势调整能力，降低跌倒风险，同时改善肌力分级，且患者康复训练依从性更高。

• Objective To investigate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with balance training on limb stability, postural adjustment ability and fall risk in patients with brain injury. Methods A total of 98 patients with brain injury admitted to Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2024 to February 2025 were selected and divided into balance training group (received balance training) and neuromuscular facilitation group (received proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with balance training) according to the random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. Limb stability, postural adjustment ability, fall risk, rehabilitation training compliance and muscle strength were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the scores of Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, Tinetti balance and gait scale and rehabilitation training compliance in the neuromuscular facilitation group were higher than those in the balance training group, while the score of Morse fall assessment scale was lower than that in the balance training group (all P<0.05). The proportions of grade 0 and grade 1 muscle strength in the medical research council scale in the neuromuscular facilitation group were lower than those in the balance training group ［0(0/49) vs 12.2%(6/49), 4.1%(2/49) vs 32.7%(16/49)］, and the proportions of grade 4 and grade 5 muscle strength were higher than those in the balance training group ［24.5%(12/49) vs 6.1%(3/49), 14.3%(7/49) vs 2.0%(1/49)］(all P＜0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive therapy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with balance training is significantly better than single balance training in the rehabilitation of patients with brain injury, which can more effectively improve limb stability and postural adjustment ability, reduce fall risk, improve muscle strength grade, and achieve higher rehabilitation training compliance.