2026 年第 7 期 第 21 卷

全身麻醉眼科患者术后恢复室高血压的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for hypertension in post-anesthesia care unit after ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia

作者：赵萌萌雷桂玉刘颖王月吴黎黎奚春花王古岩初丽艳

英文作者：Zhao Mengmeng Lei Guiyu Liu Ying Wang Yue Wu Lili Xi Chunhua Wang Guyan Chu Liyan

单位：首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院麻醉科，北京100730

英文单位：Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100730 China

关键词：眼科手术；全身麻醉；麻醉后恢复室；术后高血压；危险因素

英文关键词：Ophthalmicsurgery;Generalanesthesia;Post-anesthesiacareunit;Postoperativehypertension;Riskfactors

• 摘要：

• 目的 探讨全身麻醉眼科手术后患者在麻醉后恢复室（PACU）发生高血压的独立危险因素。方法 回顾性选取2024年9月至2025年5月在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院接受择期全身麻醉眼科手术的908例患者作为研究对象。根据血压情况将患者分为高血压组（560例）与非高血压组（348例）。收集2组患者基线资料、术前病史、手术术式、生命体征和眼痛评分。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析筛选术后PACU高血压的独立影响因素。结果 2组患者年龄、高血压病史、糖尿病史、术后眼痛评分分布比例比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。高血压组患者心率高于非高血压组（P＜0.05）。单因素分析结果显示年龄（比值比=1.035，95%置信区间：1.024~1.045）、术前高血压病史（比值比=9.549，95%置信区间：6.104~14.937）、术前糖尿病史（比值比=2.282，95%置信区间：1.638~3.180）、心率（比值比=1.020，95%置信区间：1.008~1.031）、术后眼痛评分1~3分（比值比=0.646，95%置信区间：0.485~0.861）均与术后发生高血压显著相关（均P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄增长、术前高血压病史、术前糖尿病史、心率增快、重度眼痛均是术后入PACU高血压的独立危险因素（均P＜0.05）。结论 高龄、有术前高血压病或糖尿病史、心率偏快及重度眼痛的患者，在PACU更易发生高血压。

• Objective To explore the independent risk factors for hypertension in patients in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) after ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 908 patients who underwent elective ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from September 2024 to May 2025 were retrospectively enrolled as research subjects. The patients were divided into hypertension group (560 cases) and non-hypertension group (348 cases) according to blood pressure status. Baseline data, preoperative medical history, surgical procedures, vital signs and eye pain scores of patients in the two groups were collected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen the independent influencing factors of postoperative hypertension in PACU. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, proportions of hypertension history, diabetes history and distribution of postoperative ocular pain scores between the two groups (all P＜0.05). The heart rate of patients in the hypertension group was higher than that in the non-hypertension group (P＜0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio=1.035, 95% confidence interval: 1.024-1.045), preoperative hypertension history (odds ratio=9.549, 95% confidence interval: 6.104-14.937), preoperative diabetes history (odds ratio=2.282, 95% confidence interval: 1.638-3.180), heart rate (odds ratio=1.020, 95% confidence interval: 1.008-1.031) and postoperative eye pain score 1-3 (odds ratio=0.646, 95% confidence interval: 0.485-0.861) were significantly correlated with postoperative hypertension (all P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that increased age, preoperative hypertension history, preoperative diabetes history, accelerated heart rate and severe eye pain were independent risk factors for hypertension upon admission to PACU after operation (all P＜0.05). Conclusion Patients with advanced age, preoperative history of hypertension or diabetes, rapid heart rate and severe eye pain are more susceptible to hypertension in PACU.