2026 年第 7 期 第 21 卷

益生菌对肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征患者糖脂代谢和细胞因子的影响

Effects of probiotics on glucose and lipid metabolism and cytokines in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

作者：贾红星1梁超2张颖佳1孙志丰3王克芳1

英文作者：Jia Hongxing1， Liang Chao2， Zhang Yingjia1， Sun Zhifeng3， Wang Kefang1

单位：1首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院妇产科，北京100029；2山东省青岛市妇女儿童医院产科，青岛266000；3湖北医药学院附属人民医院十堰市人民医院生殖医学中心湖北省生殖医学临床医学研究中心生殖与遗传十堰市重点实验室，十堰442000

英文单位：1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China; 2Department of Obstetrics Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital Shandong Province Qingdao 266000 China; 3Reproductive Medicine Center Shiyan Renmin Hospital Affiliated People′s Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine Hubei Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Medicine Shiyan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics Shiyan 442000 China

关键词：多囊卵巢综合征；益生菌；肥胖；糖脂代谢；细胞因子

英文关键词：Polycysticovarysyndrome;Probiotics;Obesity;Glucoseandlipidmetabolism;Cytokines

• 摘要：

• 目的 研究益生菌制剂对肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者糖脂代谢、细胞因子的影响。方法 选取2023年4月至2024年12月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院的PCOS患者63例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组(42例)和对照组(21例)。观察组给予益生菌制剂口服，对照组给予麦芽糊精口服，2组均治疗12周。比较2组患者一般资料、糖代谢指标、脂代谢指标、细胞因子水平。结果 纳入的63例患者中，3例因个人原因中途退出研究。最终60例患者完成研究，其中观察组40例、对照组20例。治疗后，观察组体重、体重指数水平均低于治疗前，且均低于对照组［（81.3±2.0）kg比（85.3±2.1）kg、（29.4±0.6）kg/m2比（30.3±0.5）kg/m2］（均P＜0.05）。治疗后，观察组空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数水平均低于治疗前，且均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗后，观察组甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均低于治疗前，且均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗后，观察组白细胞介素6（IL-6）、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子α水平均低于治疗前，且均低于对照组；IL-10水平高于治疗前，且高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论 益生菌制剂能够在一定程度上调节肥胖型PCOS患者糖脂代谢并产生积极影响，可能是通过调节相关细胞因子水平，从而改善患者炎症微环境，继而调节肥胖型PCOS患者代谢指标。

• Objective To investigate the effects of probiotic preparations on glucose and lipid metabolism and cytokines in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A total of 63 PCOS patients who visited Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled. Patients were divided into observation group (42 cases) and control group (21 cases) by random number table method. The observation group received oral probiotic preparations, while the control group received oral maltodextrin, and both groups were treated for 12 weeks. General data, glucose metabolism indicators, lipid metabolism indicators and cytokine levels were compared between the two groups. Results Among the 63 enrolled patients, 3 withdrew from the study midway due to personal reasons. Finally, 60 patients completed the study, including 40 in the observation group and 20 in the control group. After treatment, body weight and body mass index in the observation group were lower than those before treatment and lower than those in the control group ［(81.3±2.0)kg vs (85.3±2.1)kg, (29.4±0.6)kg/m2 vs (30.3±0.5)kg/m2］(all P<0.05). After treatment, fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in the observation group were lower than those before treatment and lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the observation group were lower than those before treatment and lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the observation group were lower than those before treatment and lower than those in the control group, while IL-10 was higher than that before treatment and higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Probiotic preparations can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in obese PCOS patients to a certain extent, which may be achieved by regulating the levels of related cytokines, improving the inflammatory microenvironment, and further modulating metabolic indicators in obese PCOS patients.