2020 年第 2 期 第 15 卷

乌鲁木齐市体检人群高尿酸血症患病状况及影响因素研究

Prevalence and influence factors of hyperuricemia in physical examination population in Urumqi

作者：哈提拉·京斯汗张明琛努尔比亚·米尔扎木

英文作者：

单位：新疆医科大学第一附属医院健康管理院健康体检部，乌鲁木齐830054

英文单位：

关键词：高尿酸血症；血尿酸；代谢综合征

英文关键词：

• 摘要：

• 【摘要】目的    探讨新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市体检人群高尿酸血症(HUA)患病率及影响因素。方法    纳入取2012年1月至2013年12月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院健康管理院进行体检者47 297例作为研究对象，分为HUA组(5 517例)和血尿酸水平正常组(41 780例)。比较不同年龄、不同性别的血尿酸水平及HUA患病情况。分析HUA与相关生化及临床指标的关系。结果    男性血尿酸水平及HUA患病率均明显高于女性［（357±80）μmol/L比（246±62）μmol/L、17.1%（4 493/26 230）比4.9%（1 024/21 067）］（均P＜0.001）。按不同年龄分层分析，男性所有年龄段血尿酸水平均明显高于女性，60岁以下年龄段HUA患病率明显高于女性（均P＜0.001）。HUA组的体重指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、血肌酐、血尿素氮水平、高血压和冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）患病率、吸烟史及饮酒史比例明显高于血尿酸水平正常组（均P＜0.001）。Logistic回归分析显示性别（比值比＝0.691，95%置信区间：0.632～0.756）、年龄（比值比＝0.992，95%置信区间：0.989～0.994）、体重指数（比值比=1.169，95%置信区间：1.153~1.185）、总胆固醇（比值比＝1.161，95%置信区间：1.124～1.199）、三酰甘油（比值比＝1.198，95%置信区间：1.177～1.220）、ALT（比值比＝1.014，95%置信区间：1.012～1.016）、AST（比值比＝0.991，95%置信区间：0.989～0.993）、血肌酐（比值比＝1.030，95%置信区间：1.028～1.032）、血尿素氮（比值比＝1.062，95%置信区间：1.038～1.087）、高血压（比值比＝1.580，95%置信区间：1.461～1.709）、冠心病（比值比＝1.306，95%置信区间：1.074～1.588）、饮酒（比值比＝0.792，95%置信区间：0.728～0.861）是HUA的危险因素（均P＜0.001）。结论    不同年龄段男女性血尿酸水平存在差异，男性血尿酸水平明显高。性别、年龄、体重指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、ALT、AST、血肌酐、血尿素氮、高血压、冠心病、饮酒是HUA的危险因素。

• 【Abstract】Objective    To investigate the prevalence rate and influence factors of hyperuricemia(HUA) in physical examination population in Urumqi. Methods    A total of 47 297 people having physical examination in Health Management Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from between 2012 and December 2013 were enrolled and divided into HUA group(5 517 cases) and normal blood uric acid group(NUA group, 41 780 cases). Blood uric acid level and prevalence rate of HUA were analyzed among different ages and genders. Relations of HUA with related biochemical and clinical indicators were analyzed. Results    Blood uric acid level and prevalence rate of HUA in males were higher than those in females［（357±80）μmol/L vs （246±62）μmol/L, 17.1%（4 493/26 230） vs 4.9%（1 024/21 067）］（both P＜0.001）. Stratified analysis by age showed that blood uric acid levels in males of all ages were significantly higher than those in females（all P＜0.001）; prevalence rates of HUA in males under 60 years old were significantly higher than those in females（P＜0.001）. Body mass index, blood contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）, creatinine and urea nitrogen, morbidity rates of hypertension and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD), rates of smoking and alcohol consumption in HUA group were significantly higher than those in NUA group（all P＜0.001）. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender（odds ratio＝0.691， 95% confidence interval： 0.632-0.756）, age（odds ratio＝0.992， 95% confidence interval： 0.989-0.994）, body mass index (odds ratio=1.169, 95% confidence interval: 1.153-1.185), total cholesterol（odds ratio＝1.161， 95% confidence interval： 1.124-1.199）, triglyceride（odds ratio＝1.198， 95% confidence interval： 1.177-1.220）, ALT（odds ratio＝1.014， 95% confidence interval： 1.012-1.016）, AST（odds ratio＝0.991， 95% confidence interval： 0.989-0.993）, serum creatinine（odds ratio＝1.030， 95% confidence interval： 1.028-1.032）, blood urea nitrogen（odds ratio＝1.062， 95% confidence interval： 1.038-1.087）, hypertension（odds ratio＝1.580， 95% confidence interval： 1.461-1.709）, CHD（odds ratio＝1.306， 95% confidence interval： 1.074-1.588） and alcohol consumption（odds ratio＝0.792， 95% confidence interval： 0.728-0.861） were risk factors of HUA（all P＜0.001）. Conclusions    There are significant differences in blood uric acid level between men and women in different ages; the level in men is significantly higher than that in women. Gender, age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT, AST, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, hypertension, CHD and alcohol consumption are risk factors of HUA.