2020 年第 9 期 第 15 卷

产前筛查与产前诊断对预防出生缺陷促进全面小康的重大意义

The great significance of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis in preventing birth defects and promoting prosperity for all

作者：李燕娜1杨冬1张大伟1刘晓伟2肖燕燕3

英文作者：Li Yanna1 Yang Dong1 Zhang Dawei1 Liu Xiaowei2 Xiao Yanyan3 

单位：1首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院妇产科100029；2首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院超声科100029；3首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院小儿心脏中心100029

英文单位：1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China; 2Department of Ultrasound Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China; 3Pediatric Cardiology Centre Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China 

关键词：产前筛查；产前诊断；全民健康；全面小康

英文关键词：Prenatalscreening;Prenataldiagnosis;Healthforall;Prosperityforall 

• 摘要：

• 我国是世界人口大国，缺陷儿发生率约为5.6%，特别在贫困地区更为显著。产前筛查与产前诊断属于二级预防，能够从源头把控生育质量，提高出生人口素质和社会人口整体健康水平。我国每年约有90万个缺陷及残疾儿的降生，虽然出生缺陷防治工作依然艰巨，还需要在管理体系建设、技术创新、人才培育等方面加大力度；近年来，国家出台了一系列政策和法规，经过多年的发展，产前筛查与产前诊断的卫生管理体系不断完善，技术水平取得了显著进步，有效增强了全民健康知识和责任意识，使得部分重大出生缺陷发生率呈下降趋势。产前筛查与产前诊断是促进全民健康的重要举措，是推动全面小康的重要力量。

• China is a country with a large population, the incidence of birth defects was about 5.6%, especially in poor areas. Prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis belong to secondary prevention, which can control the birth quality from the source, improve the quality of the birth population and the overall health of the social population. About 1 million birth defects and disabled children are born in China every year, the prevention and control of birth defects is still arduous, we still need to strengthen the construction of management system, technological innovation, talent cultivation and so on; however, after years of development, the health management system of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis has been constantly improved, the technical level has made significant progress, the national health knowledge and sense of responsibility effectively enhanced, and the maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate have decreased significantly. Prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis are important measures to promote national health, and is an important force to prosperity for all.