2020 年第 10 期 第 15 卷

不忘初心医疗援藏——将先天性心脏病三级防治基地建在了“世界屋脊”上

Never forget the original intention, medical assistance to Tibet, congenital heart disease tertiary prevention and treatment base built on the roof of the world

作者：刘迎龙苏俊武许耀强

英文作者：Liu Yinglong， Su Junwu， Xu Yaoqiang

单位：首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院小儿心脏中心100029

英文单位：Pediatric Heart Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

关键词：全民健康；全面小康；藏族儿童健康；先天性心脏病防治基地

英文关键词：Healthforall;Prosperityforall；Tibetanchildren′shealth;Congenitalheartdiseasepreventionbase

• 摘要：

• 青藏高原平均海拔在4 000米以上，由于高寒缺氧、医疗条件差等原因，青藏高原儿童先天性心脏病（先心病）发病率是平原地区的2～3倍。受当地自然地域条件和经济发展水平等诸多因素的影响，很多先心病患儿无法得到及时有效的治疗，成为影响藏区人口健康素质的重要因素之一。党和政府始终关心边远地区的全民健康工作，近年来，国家卫生健康委员会会同相关单位大力推进医疗人才“组团式”的援藏援疆，深入青藏高原进行筛查、会诊及随访，让当地的患者享受到优质的医疗服务。多次在青藏高原开设培训班，培养当地医生数百人，并和当地医学专业人员合作、联合研究，提高了当地医护筛查、救治能力；在世界屋脊建立了先心病三级防治基地，通过北京等地专家到高原开展课程、临床带教、展开课题讨论等多种形式的培训互动以及远程会诊、远程指导，实现了优质医疗资源的共享，培养造就了当地一批先心病筛查诊断的专业人才，留下了一支永不走的医疗队。截至2019年7月底，中华慈善总会联合部队和地方医院对27万名少数民族儿童进行了筛查，已成功为3 566名少数民族贫困家庭的先心病儿童免费实施了手术治疗，使众多患儿重获新生。儿童强则国强，先心病儿童的救治，治愈的不仅是疾病，更重要的是帮助这些家庭摆脱因疾病带来的贫困、树立健康意识。这一系列工作的开展提高了藏族同胞的总体健康水平，对国家的统战工作、各民族团结稳定具有重要意义，最终推动全面小康、全民健康的战略目标的实现。

• The average altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is above 4 000 meters. Due to cold, hypoxia and poor medical conditions, the incidence of congenital heart disease in children on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is 2 to 3 times higher than that in the plain area. Affected by many factors such as local natural geographical conditions and economic development level, many children with congenital heart disease cannot receive timely and effective treatment, which has become one of the important factors affecting the health quality of the Tibetan population. The Party and the government have always been concerned with the work of national health in remote areas. In recent years, the National Health Commission together with relevant units, has vigorously promoted the "group type" of medical talents to assist Tibet and Xinjiang to go deep into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for screening, consultation and follow-up, so that local patients can enjoy high-quality medical services. Training courses were set up on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to improve local medical screening and treatment capacity. A tertiary prevention and treatment base for congenital heart disease was established on the roof of the world, and a medical team was trained that could not be taken away. By the end of July 2019, the China Charity Federation had screened 270 000 children from ethnic minorities with joint forces and local hospitals, and had successfully provided free surgery for 3 566 children from poor ethnic minority families with congenital heart diseases. A strong child is a strong country. The treatment of children with congenital heart disease not only cures the disease, but more importantly helps these families get rid of poverty and build up health awareness. This series of work has improved overall health of the Tibetan compatriots. It has also made great contributions to the country′s united front work, the unity and stability of all ethnic groups, and ultimately promotes the realization of the strategic goal of a comprehensive well-off and national health.