2022 年第 3 期 第 17 卷

食管鳞状细胞癌患者食管黏膜菌群构成变化研究

Changes of esophageal mucosal flora in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

作者：余英张杰高峰

英文作者：Yu Ying Zhang Jie Gao Feng

单位：首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院消化内科，北京100029

英文单位：Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

关键词：食管鳞状细胞癌；16SrDNA基因扩增技术；食管黏膜菌群

英文关键词：Esophagealsquamouscellcarcinoma;16SrDNAgeneamplification;Esophagealmucosalflora

• 摘要：

• 目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌患者食管黏膜菌群构成变化。方法  选取2018年1月至2020年1月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院经胃镜及病理检测诊断为食管鳞状细胞癌的患者18例（CA组），另选取同期于本院行胃镜检查的17例健康志愿者（健康对照组）。于胃镜下取食管鳞状细胞癌患者的癌组织样本、健康志愿者食管黏膜组织样本，提取组织样本细菌基因组DNA，采用16S rDNA基因扩增和Illumina MiSeq测序技术将细菌归类。分析2组食管黏膜菌群构成差异。结果 CA组操作分类单元少于健康对照组［684.5(588.8，742.2)比792.0(780.5，804.5)］（P＜0.001）。在门、纲、目、科水平，2组丰度差异有统计学意义的菌群包括放线菌门、梭杆菌门；梭状芽孢杆菌纲、放线菌纲、芽孢杆菌纲、γ变形菌纲、梭杆菌纲、β变形菌纲；梭状芽孢杆菌目、双歧杆菌目、乳杆菌目、肠杆菌目、梭杆菌目；双歧杆菌科、肠杆菌科、普氏菌科、韦荣球菌科、梭杆菌科（均P＜0.05）。在属水平，CA组双歧杆菌属、另枝菌属、Hungatella丰度均低于健康对照组［3.4（0.8，27.4）%比32.3（29.2，37.3）%、0.7（0.1，1.4）%比1.6（1.4，1.9）%、0.10（0.01，1.63）%比1.80（1.61，1.90）%］，梭杆菌属、奈瑟菌属、韦荣球菌属丰度均高于健康对照组［0.9（0.5，4.0）%比0.1（0.1，0.3）%、0.9（0.4，3.3）%比0.3（0.2，0.5）%、0.5（0.4，2.1）%比0.1（0.1，0.3）%］（均P＜0.05）。结论  食管鳞状细胞癌患者与健康人群食管黏膜菌群存在明显差异，有害菌丰度明显升高、有益菌丰度明显下降。

• Objective   To explore the changes of esophageal mucosal flora in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods   From January 2018 to January 2020, 18 patients with ESCC diagnosed by gastroscope and pathology in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University were enrolled (CA group), and 17 cases of healthy volunteers who underwent gastroscope in the hospital were enrolled (healthy control group). Cancer tissue samples from patients with ESCC and esophageal mucosal tissue samples from healthy volunteers were taken under gastroscope. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from tissue samples, and the bacteria were categorized by 16S rDNA gene amplification and Illumina MiSeq sequencing techniques. The difference in esophageal mucosal flora between the two groups was analyzed. Results  The operational taxonomic units in CA group were less than that in healthy control group ［684.5(588.8，742.2) vs 792.0(780.5，804.5)］(P<0.001). In Phylum, Class, Order and Family levels, the flora with statistically significant difference in abundance between the two groups, included Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria; Clostridia, Actinobacteria, Bacilli, Gammaproteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Betaproteobacteria; Clostridiales, Bifidobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Enterobacterales and Fusobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Prevotellaceae, Veillonellaceae and Fusobacteriaceae (all P<0.05). In the Genus level, the abundances of Bifidobacterium, Alistipes and Hungatella in CA group were lower than those in healthy control group［3.4（0.8,27.4）% vs 32.3（29.2,37.3）%, 0.7（0.1,1.4）% vs 1.6（1.4,1.9）%, 0.10（0.01,1.63）% vs 1.80（1.61,1.90）%］, and the abundance of Fusobacterium, Neisseria and Veillonella in CA group were higher than those in healthy control group ［0.9（0.5,4.0）% vs 0.1（0.1,0.3）%, 0.9（0.4,3.3）% vs 0.3（0.2,0.5）%, 0.5（0.4,2.1）% vs 0.1（0.1,0.3）%］（all P＜0.05）. Conclusions The structures of the esophageal mucosal flora of the patients with ESCC are different with the healthy volunteers. The abundance of harmful bacteria increases, and the abundance of probiotics decreases.