2023 年第 10 期 第 18 卷

妊娠期糖尿病发病机制的研究现状及进展

Research status and progress on pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus

作者：郝玉洁张军

英文作者：Hao Yujie Zhang Jun

单位：首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院妇产科，北京100029

英文单位：Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

关键词：妊娠期糖尿病；胰岛素抵抗；胰岛β细胞功能障碍；脂肪因子

英文关键词：Gestationaldiabetesmellitus;Insulinresistance;Insulinβcelldysfunction;Fatfactor

• 摘要：

• 妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是一种严重的妊娠并发症，其患病率正在上升。GDM可能会对母体、胎儿以及后代造成严重的短期和长期健康威胁。GDM的发生是多因素作用的结果，已知的危险因素包括超重、高龄、家族史或既往史等。目前临床的关注点主要放在GDM的诊断及治疗上，但仍无治愈办法，且无明确的预测方法，主要的原因是GDM的病因复杂，发病机制尚不明确，缺乏有效的预测指标。本文对GDM发病机制的研究现状以及有需要进一步探索的问题进行综述，为GDM的预测及更有效、安全的治疗提供方向。

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious complication of pregnancy, and its prevalence is increasing. GDM may pose serious short-term and long-term health threats to mothers, fetuses and future generations. The occurrence of GDM is the result of multiple factors. The known risk factors include overweight, old age, family history or past history, etc. At present, the clinical focus is mainly on the diagnosis and treatment of GDM, but there is no clear prediction method. The main reason is that the etiology of gestational diabetes is complex, the pathogenesis is not clear, and there is no effective prediction index. Therefore, this review mainly discusses the current research situation of the pathogenesis of GDM and the problems that need to be further explored, so as to provide direction for the prediction of GDM and more effective and safe treatment.